Jan 052012
 

No, cause seriously- back in the Old School Pagan Day, we would just be coming off the Twelve Days (or Nights) of the Christmas Season (or I guess, the Twelve Nights of the Solstice Season, as I guess they must have been known, in Days of Old): which originally were celebrated from Dec. 25 until Jan. 5- the Evening of which (the Twelfth Night) precedes the Twelfth Day- the Day of the Epiphany (or so you know, the Christian Folk would have it). Anyway, this was understood as such as period of merriment, and- more to the point- MISRULE (a specifically Pagan concept that means, to Turn the Accepted Norms UPSIDE-DOWN): thus the title of what some will argue counts as Mr. William Shakespeare’s finest comedy: Twelfth Night (which otherwise has no connection with the festival Holiday Twelfth Night- which concluded the Midwinter Celebration Season- other than its- supposed- performance date on Twelfth Night [c. 1601]).

Twelfth Night is unique of Shakespeare’s Canon- which in itself is unique in Elizabethan Literature for its fascination with Gender-Bending- for its Seriously Transgressive Take on the Fluidity of Gender-Identity, within any society. A shipwreck strands- in different spots- Twins Viola and her brother Sebastian (Twelfth Night is, like Comedy of Errors, one of Shakespeare’s Confusion-caused-by-Identical-Twins plays) on the Sea-Coast of Illyria, on the Eastern Adriatic. Viola, to protect herself, dresses herself as a boy- and therefore looks exactly like her twin-brother Sebastian, generating much Confusion and Merriment.

Participating in this Merry Confusion is Antonio, a Sea-Captain encountered on the “Sea-Coast,” who has rescued the beautiful young man Sebastian and is aggrieved to see him go in [Act 2, scene i]: “Will you stay no longer? Nor will you not that I go with you?- I do adore thee so, that danger shall seem sport, and I will go! [to Count Orsino's court, to seek news of Viola]” The moment when Antonio observes and pleads to Sebastian, “If you will not murder me for my love, let me be your servant” (1) reflects the kind-of curious way that Elizabethan men have of talking about their relationships with each other in terms of “love,” and (2) is really suggestive, if you consider that Elizabethan Sexual-Slang can encompass “murder me for my love” as “let me achieve orgasm, I am so hot for you.” For whatever reason (and the most modern take tends to be, Antonio is so Homoerotically, as in Brokeback Mountain-levels, Hot-Mad-in-Love-for Sebastian), he spends the rest of the play following him around in order to protect him, and in fact- resourceful guy whom one would wish on one’s side in an emergency- intervenes in a significant moment to assist Viola (disguised as a boy, therefore causing Antonio to believe that she is Sebastian).

Viola (in the meanwhile, disguised as a boy) has gotten herself taken on as a page in the court of Count Orsino- towards whom she begins to experience sexual desire- which perception he begins to signal back- making it all the more complicated that he believes that she is a male- giving their scenes a kicky Homoeroticism.

However: Count Orsino is also sending his new “page-boy” to woo, on his behalf, the beautiful Lady Olivia: who also finds herself drawn to, attracted by, desiring more of, this beguilingly gender-ambidexterous youth; Twelfth Night is a seriously Gay play, people, jumping from Male-for-Male Homoeroticism to Lesbian-Overtoned Homoeroticism, from one scene to the next. In any era, it would be remarkable for its appreciation of the wide range of Erotic Desires, and for its understanding of the Constructed Nature of Gender: never mind, for the Elizabethan.

Twelfth Night is also really significant for the Folklorist, and for the English Culture Pagan, for its reference (right on the cusp of the seventeenth century) to the English Wise-Woman tradition. Fearing that Malvolio, Lady Olivia’s butler (what we would call), is mad, Lady Olivia’s servant Fabian advises, “Carry his water to the Wise-Woman,” (Act 3, scene iv, line 114) meaning, Best carry his urine ["water," easily collected and transported in a chamber pot] to the local Wise-Woman: who was considered able to diagnose Bewitchment or Insanity from the condition of the subject’s urine.

Make of it What You Will (Shakespeare-joke, as the sub-title to Twelfth Night is What You Will): the play demonstrates the c. 1600 English Wise-Woman Tradition; gender-bending in Elizabethan Comedy; and the festive Merriment of the End of the Midwinter Celebration Season.

 

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